Condition
Obesity
20 compounds were checked against obesity. 14 earned a graded row; the rest are named below.
Last updated
Recorded under Weight, alongside 4 other indications.
Compounds with a graded row
Ordered by rung, strongest first. The rung rates the study design; the chip beside it says what the study measured. Both are needed.
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Cagrilintide
human RCT Direct outcome In registered trials
- Who was studied
- adults with obesity, or overweight with at least one weight-related comorbidity; n=706, 26 weeks
A dose-finding phase 2 trial randomised participants to five cagrilintide doses, placebo, or liraglutide 3.0 mg, and measured change in body weight over 26 weeks. Cagrilintide is not approved anywhere, alone or in combination.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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Dulaglutide
human RCT Direct outcome Not approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- adults with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin; n=1842, 52 weeks; obesity was not an enrolment criterion
AWARD-11 randomised participants to dulaglutide 1.5, 3.0 or 4.5 mg and measured change in body weight as a secondary endpoint over 52 weeks; the primary endpoint was HbA1c. Enrolment was by glycaemic control, not by BMI, and no trial of dulaglutide in people without diabetes selected for obesity is on file.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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Exenatide
human RCT Direct outcome Not approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- obese women without diabetes, mean BMI 33.1, n=41, 35-week crossover with two 16-week treatment periods
A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study measured body weight change in obese women without diabetes; mean loss was 2.49 kg on exenatide against a 0.43 kg gain on placebo. Men were not enrolled, and no phase 3 obesity programme for exenatide is on file.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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L-Carnitine
human RCT Direct outcome Not approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- adults across 9 randomised controlled trials, n=911 pooled; trial durations varied and the pooled effect fell as duration lengthened
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials measured body weight and BMI, finding a pooled mean difference of -1.33 kg (95% CI -2.09 to -0.57) against control. Meta-regression showed the magnitude decreased significantly over time, and the pooled trials are far smaller and shorter than the incretin obesity programmes.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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Liraglutide
human RCT Direct outcome Approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- adults with BMI >=30, or >=27 with treated or untreated dyslipidaemia or hypertension, without diabetes; n=3731, 56 weeks
The SCALE Obesity and Prediabetes trial measured change in body weight at 56 weeks against placebo, with diet and exercise in both arms. The FDA approved liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight management; the 1.8 mg product is a separate approval for type 2 diabetes.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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Pramlintide
human RCT Direct outcome Not approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- obese adults not treated with insulin, mean BMI 37.8, 80 percent female; n=204, 16 weeks
A phase 2 randomised placebo-controlled dose-escalation study measured body weight and waist circumference over 16 weeks, with a placebo-corrected weight reduction of 3.7 percent. Pramlintide's approval is as a mealtime insulin adjunct in diabetes; no obesity approval is on file and the obesity programme did not proceed to registration.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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Retatrutide
human RCT Direct outcome In registered trials
- Who was studied
- adults with BMI >=30, or >=27 with at least one weight-related condition; n=338, 48 weeks
A phase 2 randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial measured percentage change in body weight at 48 weeks. No phase 3 result and no regulatory approval for any condition is on file.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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Semaglutide
human RCT Direct outcome Approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- adults with BMI >=30, or >=27 with at least one weight-related coexisting condition, without diabetes; n=1961, 68 weeks
STEP 1, a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial, measured percentage change in body weight over 68 weeks alongside lifestyle intervention. The FDA approved semaglutide 2.4 mg for chronic weight management; participants with diabetes were excluded from this trial.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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Survodutide
human RCT Direct outcome In registered trials
- Who was studied
- adults aged 18-75 with BMI >=27 without diabetes; n=387 enrolled, 386 treated, 46 weeks; 233 of 386 completed treatment
A dose-finding phase 2 randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial with percentage change in body weight at week 46 as the primary endpoint. Roughly 40 percent of treated participants did not complete the treatment period; phase 3 trials are registered and no approval exists.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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Tirzepatide
human RCT Direct outcome Approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- adults with BMI >=30, or >=27 with at least one weight-related complication, without diabetes; n=2539, 72 weeks
SURMOUNT-1, a phase 3 randomised placebo-controlled trial, measured percentage change in body weight at 72 weeks. The FDA approved tirzepatide for chronic weight management; this trial excluded people with diabetes, who were studied separately in SURMOUNT-2.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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VK2735
human RCT Direct outcome In registered trials
- Who was studied
- adults with BMI >=30, or >=27 with at least one weight-related comorbidity, BMI <50; n=176, 13 weeks
The VENTURE phase 2 trial of weekly subcutaneous VK2735 set percent change in body weight from baseline to week 13 as its primary outcome. The trial is short and small relative to the registrational obesity programmes, and no approval exists for any condition.
Source ClinicalTrials.gov 1 primary source read for this row
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PYY3-36
human RCT Surrogate marker Not approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- 12 obese and 12 lean subjects, single intravenous infusion, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover
The study measured caloric intake at a buffet meal and 24-hour food intake after a single infusion; body weight over time was not an endpoint and no trial measuring weight change with PYY3-36 is on file. Food intake stands in for the condition here rather than measuring it.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
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5-Amino-1MQ
animal in vivo Direct outcome Not approved for this condition
- Who was studied
- diet-induced obese male mice on a high-fat diet, intraperitoneal dosing; no human study on file
Body weight, white adipose tissue mass and adipocyte size were measured in mice given the NNMT inhibitor 5-amino-1MQ. Every figure here is a rodent figure at a rodent dose by injection; no human trial of 5-amino-1MQ for weight has been located.
Source PubMed 1 primary source read for this row
Checked, and nothing recorded
6 compounds were checked against obesity and produced no gradeable row.
- Amylin — checked, no row on file
- AOD-9604 — checked, no row on file
- Chemerin — checked, no row on file
- Omentin — checked, no row on file
- Sermorelin — checked, no row on file
- Vaspin — checked, no row on file
A compound is here because someone looked and the sources did not support a row — not because nobody looked. Under the rubric, uncertainty resolves to no row, and a row resting on a vendor page or a clinic blog is worse than no row at all.
What this page does not say
It reports what was measured, in whom, and how directly. It does not say what to take or at what dose, and a row here is a record of a study rather than a reason to use anything. Every rung links to the rubric that assigned it.