Metabolic & Weight Management

PYY3-36

PYY3-36 is the circulating form of peptide YY, released by the gut after a meal, and it reduces appetite through the Y2 receptor, a different route from GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1). Its defining experiment is one of the cleanest in human appetite research: 12 obese and 12 lean volunteers received a single infusion or placebo under double-blind crossover conditions, were shown a buffet lunch two hours later, and ate 30 and 31 percent less respectively, with 24-hour intake down in both groups. A second randomised human study found PYY3-36 and GLP-1 suppressed intake additively, which is why the appetite field keeps returning to it. No approved product exists; intravenous, intranasal and oral delivery are all still under study.

Last updated 12 August 2026

Studied forAppetite regulation research · Food intake reduction · Obesity research context

Evidence on file2 randomised human trials · 1 citation not yet graded

Strongest sourceEffect of Peptide YY3-36 on Food Intake in Humans (Gastroenterology 2005, cited 302x) (randomised human trial)

Mechanism

Agonist at the Y2 receptor on arcuate NPY neurons, releasing POMC neurons from inhibition and reducing appetite signalling.

Reported effects

What sources associate with this compound. Reported categories, not outcomes we have graded — each would need its own citation and rung.

Appetite regulation research
Food intake reduction
Obesity research context

Dosing on file unverified

IV infusion: 0.2-0.8 pmol/kg/min; Intranasal: 20-50 µg; Oral: 0.25-4.0 mg

Carried from a source that labels it unverified, and reproduced with that label attached. A record of what is reported, not a recommendation. No citation on this page establishes it.

Literature on file 3

human RCT
Effect of Peptide YY3-36 on Food Intake in Humans (Gastroenterology 2005, cited 302x) graded on: names a randomised controlled trial — the indexed publication type — “Randomized Controlled”
human RCT
Peptide YY3-36 and Glucagon-Like Peptide-17-36 Inhibit Food Intake Additively (Endocrinology 2005, cited 301x) graded on: names a randomised controlled trial — the indexed publication type — “Randomized Controlled”

Not graded

1 citation whose study design could not be read from the title. Left ungraded rather than guessed at.

not graded
NCT02493959: Degradation of the Anorexic Hormone Peptide YY graded on: NCT02493959 is completed and has posted no results - a registration, not a reported outcome — “NCT02493959”

Identity

Space-filling 3D model of PYY3-36, carbon grey, nitrogen blue, oxygen red — Built from the SMILES on this record — the atoms and bonds are exact. The shape is **one computed low-energy pose**, not a measured structure: a flexible peptide in solution has no single conformation, and where the SMILES leaves a stereocentre undefined the pose commits to one arbitrarily. The skeletal formula below claims connectivity and nothing more, which is what we actually know.

2D chemical structure of PYY3-36 — Built from the SMILES on this record — the atoms and bonds are exact. The shape is **one computed low-energy pose**, not a measured structure: a flexible peptide in solution has no single conformation, and where the SMILES leaves a stereocentre undefined the pose commits to one arbitrarily. The skeletal formula below claims connectivity and nothing more, which is what we actually know.

Molecular weight: 4050
Molecular formula: C180H278N52O55
PubChem CID: 172966225
InChI key: AOHBOXXHKFELOK-LASSKCETSA-N
SMILES: CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N2CCC[C@H]2C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N3CCC[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC6=CNC=N6)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC7=CC=C(C=C7)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC8=CC=C(C=C8)O)C(=O)O)N
InChI: InChI=1S/C180H278N52O55/c1-17-91(12)141(185)170(280)213-114(27-18-19-61-181)174(284)231-67-25-33-130(231)168(278)210-111(53-58-137(246)247)146(256)203-94(15)173(283)230-66-24-32-129(230)167(277)199-82-135(243)204-109(52-57-136(244)245)151(261)224-125(80-140(252)253)156(266)202-93(14)145(255)227-128(84-234)175(285)232-68-26-34-131(232)169(279)211-113(55-60-139(250)251)153(263)209-112(54-59-138(248)249)154(264)214-116(70-87(4)5)158(268)222-123(78-133(183)241)163(273)207-105(28-20-62-195-177(186)187)148(258)218-120(74-97-37-45-102(237)46-38-97)161(271)219-119(73-96-35-43-101(236)44-36-96)155(265)201-92(13)144(254)226-127(83-233)166(276)217-115(69-86(2)3)157(267)206-106(29-21-63-196-178(188)189)149(259)221-122(77-100-81-194-85-200-100)162(272)220-121(75-98-39-47-103(238)48-40-98)160(270)215-117(71-88(6)7)159(269)223-124(79-134(184)242)164(274)216-118(72-89(8)9)165(275)228-142(90(10)11)171(281)229-143(95(16)235)172(282)212-108(31-23-65-198-180(192)193)147(257)208-110(51-56-132(182)240)152(262)205-107(30-22-64-197-179(190)191)150(260)225-126(176(286)287)76-99-41-49-104(239)50-42-99/h35-50,81,85-95,105-131,141-143,233-239H,17-34,51-80,82-84,181,185H2,1-16H3,(H2,182,240)(H2,183,241)(H2,184,242)(H,194,200)(H,199,277)(H,201,265)(H,202,266)(H,203,256)(H,204,243)(H,205,262)(H,206,267)(H,207,273)(H,208,257)(H,209,263)(H,210,278)(H,211,279)(H,212,282)(H,213,280)(H,214,264)(H,215,270)(H,216,274)(H,217,276)(H,218,258)(H,219,271)(H,220,272)(H,221,259)(H,222,268)(H,223,269)(H,224,261)(H,225,260)(H,226,254)(H,227,255)(H,228,275)(H,229,281)(H,244,245)(H,246,247)(H,248,249)(H,250,251)(H,252,253)(H,286,287)(H4,186,187,195)(H4,188,189,196)(H4,190,191,197)(H4,192,193,198)/t91-,92-,93-,94-,95+,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,112+,113-,114-,115-,116-,117-,118-,119-,120-,121-,122-,123-,124-,125-,126-,127-,128-,129-,130-,131-,141-,142-,143-/m0/s1

Notes unverified prose

NCT02493959; Human IV infusion studies

Not on file 3

2 of the 8 fields we track hold nothing on this record, and each says why. 1 further absence is named below. A blank field is a bug; a named absence is a finding.

CAS registry numbernothing we hold supplies it
amino-acid sequencenothing we hold supplies it
half-lifenothing we hold supplies it

Each field links to every other record missing the same thing. The full ledger holds 765 gaps across 163 records.